Archive for January, 2009

“Hector Bywater’s Naval Wargame” … reply to T. Rooker

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Tue Sep 09 09:45:33 1997
>X-Authentication-Warning: ecom7.ecn.bgu.edu: mslrc owned process doing -bs
>Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 11:44:34 -0500 (CDT)
>From: “Louis R. Coatney”
>X-Sender: mslrc@ecom7.ecn.bgu.edu
>To: Conflict simulation Games ,
> mahan@microwrks.com
>cc: “Louis R. Coatney” ,
> “William D. Anderson” ,
> “Lee H. Tichenor”
>Subject: Re: “Hector Bywater’s Naval Wargame” … reply to T. Rooker
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>
>TR,
>
> Thanks for your thoughtful riposte. I disagreed with a lot of
>it, of course, but what (else) is CONSIM-L for? ๐Ÿ™‚
>
> Some questions:
>
>On Tue, 9 Sep 1997, Terry Rooker wrote:
> > On Mon, 8 Sep 1997, Louis R. Coatney wrote:
> > > WHAT IF there had been a naval boardgame … not unlike The Avalon
> > > Hill Game Company’s now-classic VICTORY IN THE PACIFIC … published
> > > in tandem/consultation with Hector? There is absolutely *nothing*
> > > in VITP that couldn’t have been thought up 45 years before it was
> > > finally published: it’s just a *manual* boardgame with simple, logical
> > > mechanics. (I’ll be critiquing it soon, but ….)
> > >
> > There are certain mental steps you have to go through to come to new
> > ideas. Claiming VitP could have been dreamed up 45 years earlier is like
> > saying Galileo could have developed the laws of motion since all he had
> > to do was watch things fall. Which he did do by the way, and still
> > didn’t come up with the motion laws.
>
>OK, Rooker … since this was the central point of my original post, in
> fact … exactly WHAT are these mental steps that couldn’t have been
> gone through 45 years before?? (It’s certainly not the math. ๐Ÿ™‚ )
>
> > > How well could it have modelled what could actually have happened?
> > >
> > It would have sucked. Carriers were used much differently by both sides
> > than most imagined beforehand. A key element of the USN performance,
> > underway replenishment, wasn’t even a wet dream yet. The need for
> > controlled intercept and accurate AA fire was not realized. The list
> > goes on.
>
>BUT … my question was … couldn’t even a basic game like VITP have
> stimulated innovative/problem-solving thinking? (Look at the John Wayne
> movie about Spig Wead … and all the bulldozer-to-move-an-anthill
> mental gnashing he went through, just to come up with the idea of using
> jeep carriers for *fleet support* … or was this just an excuse to let
> us see the beautiful Maureen O’Hara again? (Did Ford do the movie??)
> (Hmm … Does anyone know if *M. O’Hara* had the daughters she should
> have had?)
>
>I was visiting my best friend from the Academy in DC, once. He had just
> been put in charge of the Pentagon’s new weapons conceptualization
> program. He asked *me* for my input … and I of course suggested sci
> fi and gamer designers … if/when they are really proposing something
> NEW … not just more “space galleons.” ๐Ÿ™‚
>
>New ideas don’t come out of *computers* … the last I heard, anyway.
>
> > > AND … could it have demonstrated the futility of a Japanese attack/war
> > > and somehow have deterred that from occurring?
> > The futility of the Japanese attack was not a foregone conclusion. If
> > they had done as someone suggested in a PTO level wargame and initially
> > just gone for the European possessions first they might have had an
> > easier time of it. Then the temptation for a surprise attack would have
> > been less. FWIW, my mother stills hates Japan and all Japanese for the
> > attack. That’s 50 years later. Consider the emotion at the time.
>
>In fact, the Japanese could have taken the Hawaiian Islands right there
> and then, if they had brought along invasion troops … and maybe won
> the war hands-down.
>
>I wonder how many “Japanese” HECTOR BYWATER’S NAVAL WARGAME players would
> have started their games with a carrier … or battleship … raid on
> Pearl Harbor … and whether that would have raised national concern
> about proper defenses and vigilance … among the younger generations
> who would be fighting the war … and who were, in fact, on duty and
> in control of PH’s defenses (even if by command default) in the early,
> critical hours of 7 Dec 41.
>
>(Did wargaming … arcade-type and/or strategic … enhance the
> performance of our Gulf War generation? ??)
>
>(On the other hand, I don’t see national concern about the need for
> “Star Wars” weapons … to end the arms race and military threats/
> confrontations, once and for all. Bill Clinton is *not* “seizing
> the moment” … and we will soon be right back where we were in
> “The Hunt for Red October” … this time vis a vis the *Red Chinese*
> … and still under the Sword of Damocles … and it is statistically
> INEVITABLE that one of these damn/nuclear “things” is going to go OFF.)
>
>What *I* am/was suggesting, though, is that games can be powerful
> attitude-influencers. If the Japanese (people) had seen/played a
> game which painted a war as ultimately hopeless against American
> industrial might, would there have been the necessary lower/younger
> ranks enthusiasm necessary for it?
>
>How would YEAR OF THE RAT (SPI, about Vietnam) have impacted (young)
> Americans in *1963*? ??

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Marine/Naval History Lists subscription info request.

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Tue Sep 09 10:03:57 1997
>X-Authentication-Warning: ecom7.ecn.bgu.edu: mslrc owned process doing -bs
>Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 12:01:30 -0500 (CDT)
>From: “Louis R. Coatney”
>X-Sender: mslrc@ecom7.ecn.bgu.edu
>To: mahan@microwrks.com, marhst-l@qucdn.queensu.ca
>cc: ops179@ix.netcom.com
>Subject: Marine/Naval History Lists subscription info request.
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>
>Would our listowners please send this pump jockey … ๐Ÿ™‚ …
> signup info? Thanks. (Lou Coatney)
>
>———- Forwarded message ———-
>Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 12:02:19 +0000
>From: ops179@ix.netcom.com
>To: mslrc@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu
>Subject: Naval History Lists
>
>Lou,
>
> Do you have the subscription instructions for the two
>naval/maritime history lists you referenced last week? Thanks!!!
>
> Bob Adamcik
> LT USN
> Operations Officer
> USS Merrimack
> AO-179
>
>”I intend to stay and fight until the bloody barrel falls off.”
> -CDR Christopher Craig
> CO, HMS Alacrity
> 07 June 1982
> off the Falkland IS

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Re[2]: MAHAN ready for a “nuclear free” debate?

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 00:00:33 1997
>X-Errors-To:
>Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 21:20:04 -0400 (EDT)
>X-Sender: rickt@pop3.cris.com
>X-Mailer: Windows Eudora Version 1.4.4
>To: mahan@microwrks.com
>From: rickt@cris.com (Eric Bergerud)
>Subject: Re: Re[2]: MAHAN ready for a “nuclear free” debate?
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
> >Bill Riddle wrote:
> >
> > >have some ocean front property in Maricopa County I would like to sell
> >you.>>>
> >
> >Amen to that. I know we had them aboard transiting the Bay to and from Mare
> >Island. And when those in SF were opposing homeporting MISSOURI > there on the
> >grounds of nukes aboard, what did they think was in all those CVs over at
> >Alameda NAS?
> >
> >John Snyder
> >John_Snyder@bbs.macnexus.org
> >
>I can testify to the fact that no one ever sighted a nuclear sub/carrier or
>warship of any time at the Berkeley pier since 1970, so the Bay Area’s
>primary Nuke Free Zone has safely safeguarded it’s citizenry. There was the
>little matter of the University’s connection with Livermore, but the “hot
>stuff” was outside the city limits.
>
>Ever since Periclean Greece democracies have like to pander to their public
>opinion as long as it does them no real harm. Denmark and NZ could say
>anything they liked because their governments were both insignificant and
>secrure in the knowledge that the US would defend them regardless of their
>policies. We see the same thing today in the land mine treaty. Dozens of
>governments who fully realize that their land forces almost certain never be
>used, and that the US can relied upon to pull regionial chestnuts out of the
>fire if things get ugly, are perfectly willing to sign a stupid treaty that
>almost by definition would help the problem they wish to face not a bit. The
>US, however, might well find itself in the position of NEEDING it’s army.
>Mines are a major weapons system, particularly in the defense, and I do hope
>Clinton shows enough courage to prevent the US from making an agreement that
>might well in the future kill US servicemen and precipitate military
>debacle. Ironically, if US ground forces were faced with route in a major
>confrontation, I believe we would use tactical nuclear weapons.
>Eric Bergerud, 531 Kains Ave, Albany CA 94706, 510-525-0930

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Naval/military games of the 1930’s or earlier (fwd)

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 10:27:22 1997
>X-Authentication-Warning: ecom6.ecn.bgu.edu: mslrc owned process doing -bs
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 12:25:02 -0500 (CDT)
>From: “Louis R. Coatney”
>X-Sender: mslrc@ecom6.ecn.bgu.edu
>To: mahan@microwrks.com, milhst-l@ukanvm.cc.ukans.edu,
> marhst-l@qucdn.queensu.ca
>cc: “Louis R. Coatney” ,
> “William D. Anderson”
>Subject: Naval/military games of the 1930’s or earlier (fwd)
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>
>Well thank the gods *some* library has a collection. As simple as
> some of the games might seem, they say a lot about public
> perceptions of military/naval affairs at the time, and (at least
> the recent ones, anyway) represent serious research and/or
> experience.
>
>Lou Coatney
>———- Forwarded message ———-
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 08:54:13 -0400
>To: Multiple recipients of list CONSIM-L
>Subject: Games of the 1930’s or earlier
>Newsgroups: bit.listserv.consim-l
>
> In terms of naval games of the 1930’s one might check at the
>University of Waterloo in Canada which has a games museum believe it or
>not. I once heard that in its collection it had a Bititsh card game
>simulating naval warfare from the 1930’s and a land game simulating tank
>combat from the 1920’s. I think if one would research some British
>sources one might find a few early games of this type, we in North
>America did not really get into this type of gaming until after World
>War II.
>
>Chris K

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“Rattlesnakes of the sea”

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 12:19:19 1997
>X-Authentication-Warning: ecom5.ecn.bgu.edu: mslrc owned process doing -bs
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 14:18:27 -0500 (CDT)
>From: “Louis R. Coatney”
>X-Sender: mslrc@ecom5.ecn.bgu.edu
>To: consim-l@listserv.uni-c.dk, mahan@microwrks.com, >marhst-l@qucdn.queensu.ca,
> milhst-l@ukanvm.cc.ukans.edu
>cc: “Louis R. Coatney”
>Subject: “Rattlesnakes of the sea”
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>
>Despite the decent AntiSubmarine Warfare capability of the USN ships,
> it seems like every game (of SKY, SEA, AND JUNGLE) I lose 1-2 carriers
> to Japanese subs … usually in the South Pacific (better called
> “Torpedo Junction”) sea area. It is really frustrating to carefully
> time your major sorties only to have a crucial part of your prime punch
> bushwhacked by a contemptible little pigboat.
>
>In one of his “prewar” addresses, President Roosevelt labelled German
> U-booten as “the rattlesnakes of the sea,” and I indeed get a
> snake-killing sense of satisfaction whenever I nail one of these
> reptilian, *poisonous* pests … especially if I’ve set up a special
> ASW task force to trap it.
>
>However, I think Pres. Roosevelt handed rattlesnakes a bad rap, when
> he lowered them to the level of U-boats. At least rattlers give
> you fair warning and are really only interested in being left alone.
>
>SO … what alternatives are there? “Water Moccasin of the sea” is more
> apt but lacks the nice sound of Roosevelt’s phrase, and cottonmouths
> aren’t as universally known/feared as rattlers. “Copperhead of the sea”
> is again provincial.
>
>”Sea snakes” … although they go nicely with the US Navy’s “SS” ship
> code for submarines … seems too generic. Hmmm … “Cobras of the
> ocean” or “Ocean cobras,” maybe? Cobras *are* much quieter … more
> deadly … more patient … more agressive. “Sea mambas”?
>
>Anyway, I’m just calling — sort of hissing out, actually — the varmints
> “@#%! snake!” … for now, … and enjoying how my son always manages
> risk and lose the American S-boat unit on his first turn, when *he*
> plays the Allies. ๐Ÿ™‚
>
>What other … unpleasant … sobriquets for submarines … has anyone
> heard? (We know “bubbleheads” is a service epithet for sub mariners.)
>
>Lou Coatney, mslrc@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu

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Definitive Works

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Tue Mar 10 15:53:19 1998
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 97 22:28 +0100
>Subject: RE: Definitive Works
>To: mahan@microwrks.com
>X-Sender: 0611603955-0001@t-online.de
>From: BWV_Wiesbaden@t-online.de (Tim Lanzendoerfer)
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>Reply-To: mahan@microworks.net
>
> >Battle of the Coral Sea
>
>If you find one, tell me!
>
> >Battle of Midway
>
>I think both Incredible Victory and A Glorious Page in Our History can claim
>some sort of definitiveness.
>
> >Guadacanal Naval Engagements
>
>Frank’s Guadalcanal is quite okay – though some information is missing, as I
>recently found out myself. Anyway, an excellent volume and cheap in paperback.
>
> >Leyte Gulf
>
>I’ve only read Thomas Cutler’s book, and thought it very good. The >title escapes
>me at the moment – I only own the German version.
>
> >Okinawa
>
>Ditto as in Coral Sea.
>I’d see a trend in your selections would it not be for the lack of >the Battle of
>the Philippine Sea…
>
>Tim

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“Rattlesnakes of the sea”

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 15:31:52 1997
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 17:32:31 -0600
>From: Brooks A Rowlett
>Reply-To: brooksar@indy.net
>Organization: None whatsoever
>X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01-C-MACOS8 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
>To: “Louis R. Coatney”
>CC: consim-l@listserv.uni-c.dk, mahan@microwrks.com, >marhst-l@qucdn.queensu.ca,
> milhst-l@ukanvm.cc.ukans.edu
>Subject: Re: “Rattlesnakes of the sea”
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>1. Actually, since the sea snakes of the tropics/Pacific are among the
>most venomous of reptiles, “sea snake” is not a bad ‘demonym’. If you
>want specificity, you might look up some of the nomes for those
>beasties.
>
>2. On a related idea, note the modern (NATO era) German torpedo whose
>name translates to “Sea Snake”.
>
>3. At least the rate of loss of carriers to IJN submarines you are
>experiencing in the game is historically accurate!
>
>Brooks A Rowlett
>brooksar@indy.net
>
>Louis R. Coatney wrote (several nonessentials snipped for space):
> >
> > Despite the decent AntiSubmarine Warfare capability of the USN ships,
> > it seems like every game (of SKY, SEA, AND JUNGLE) I lose 1-2 carriers
> > to Japanese subs … usually in the South Pacific (better called
> > “Torpedo Junction”) sea area.
> >
> > In one of his “prewar” addresses, President Roosevelt labelled German
> > U-booten as “the rattlesnakes of the sea,” and I indeed get a
> > snake-killing sense of satisfaction whenever I nail one of these
> > reptilian, *poisonous* pests …
>
> > However, I think Pres. Roosevelt handed rattlesnakes a bad rap, when
> > he lowered them to the level of U-boats. At least rattlers give
> > you fair warning and are really only interested in being left alone.
> >
> > SO … what alternatives are there?
> >
> > “Sea snakes” … although they go nicely with the US Navy’s “SS” ship
> > code for submarines … seems too generic.
> >
> > Anyway, I’m just calling — sort of hissing out, actually — the varmints
> > “@#%! snake!”
> >
> > What other … unpleasant … sobriquets for submarines … has anyone
> > heard?
> > Lou Coatney, mslrc@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu

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Bywater, 30’s game, no treaty, carriers, etc.

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 15:52:38 1997
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 17:53:05 -0600
>From: Brooks A Rowlett
>Reply-To: brooksar@indy.net
>Organization: None whatsoever
>X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01-C-MACOS8 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
>To: “Louis R. Coatney”
>CC: consim-l@listserv.uni-c.dk, mahan@microwrks.com,
> “Jim O’Neil”
>Subject: Re: Bywater, 30’s game, no treaty, carriers, etc.
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>A few thoughts on this thread.
>
>1. Of course, while there was no ‘commercial’ game as such other than
>perhaps miniatures games, there was a series of games done where it
>counted: The United States Naval War College. Whether inspired by
>Bywater’s strategic vision or not, it is clear that the ultimate
>strategy of the US for conducting a Pacific Ocean war against Japan was
>heavily influence by the studies and strategic map games conducted
>there. For references see Miller’s superb WAR PLAN ORANGE and the
>equally superb THE BLUE SWORD by Michael Vlahos. For more on Bywater,
>of course, thre reference is William Honan’s biographical books, BYWATER
>in the UK edition, and (with an additional chapter) THE MAN WHO INVENTED
>PEARL HARBOR ( I >think>
>2. The points on lack of commercial game concepts (how old is RISK?)
>that could model a strategic campaign, or any of the basic mechanics we
>would have in our toolbox today, are well taken. In terms of the WWII
>operations research contributions, I believe I recall that the hexagon
>grid, for example, was introduced into commercial wargames by Charles
>Roberts only after he visited the Air Force pet think tank, the RAND
>corporation and discovered them in use there.
>
>3. The Washington Treaty was not the only contributor to the conversion
>of LEXINGTON and SARATOGA into carriers. US planners were not entirely
>the big gun obsessive-compulsives that Mitchell and later writers have
>claimed them to be. In fact the General Board, the concept planning
>body of the US Navy in this period, had ordered design studies of
>carriers of essentially the size of the LEXINGTON even before the call
>for the Naval Conference; which had resulted in studies of conversion of
>two of the battlecruisers so as to conserve money and materials. So it
>is just as plausible as the USN constructing all 6 LEXINGTON’s as
>battlecruisers that they might have constructed in addition, 2 carriers
>essentially similar to what we in fact got, or alternatley to have built
>four vessels as battlecruisers and 2 as carriers. In fact my own set of
>hypothetical Orders of Battle for Great Pacific ‘guerres imaginaires’
>has variations for all of these options.
>
>See Friedman US AIRCRAFT CARRIERS: AN ILLUSTRATED DESIGN HISTORY plus an
>earlier article on the LEXINGTON’s in WARSHIP QUARTERLY) from Conway.
>RObert C Stern’s THE LEXINGTON CLASS CARRIERS discusses this evolution
>of design as well, and also gives parameters of a design study of
>converting OMAHA class scout cruisers into carriers.
>
>Brooks A Rowlett
>brooksar@indy.net

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Italian naval history Website

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 16:11:16 1997
>Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 18:11:52 -0600
>From: Brooks A Rowlett
>Reply-To: brooksar@indy.net
>Organization: None whatsoever
>X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01-C-MACOS8 (Macintosh; I; PPC)
>To: Amateur Historians interested in 20th century military history >,
> Conflict simulation Games ,
> Jon Parshall ,
> Mahan Naval History Mailing List ,
> “Man O’ War list” ,
> World War II Discussion List ,
> WWOne Mailing List
>Subject: Italian naval history Website
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>The following URL
>
>http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/9226/navy.html
>
>has an unofficial Italian Navy website, covering historical eras from
>the Battle of Lissa 1866 through the current NATO force. World War I,
>World War 2, and the modern era are covered in separate pages contained
>in the site, as well as coverage of Italian Naval heroes such as Lt.
>Rizzi.
>
>Note that some recent research indicates that much of our negative
>picture of the performance of the Italian Navy in Word War Two is
>falesely coloured by the fact that most of the writings on it are from
>British or German sources; the British still clinging to their own
>wartime propaganda which attempted to portray Italian forces as foolish
>or cowardly; the Germans doing the same but ignoring the fact that
>they consistently failed to provide the Italy with adequate fuel! The
>primary reference for this is James Sadkovich, THE ITALIAN NAVY IN WORLD
>WAR TWO, which unfortunately is from Westwood Press, a a specialist
>publishing house of limited circulation. Sadkovich perhaps goes to far
>in some of his rehabilitation of the WWII Italian Navy, but nonetheless
>raises several matters which deserve serious consideration in examining
>one’s pre-existing viewpoint.
>
>-Brooks A Rowlett
>brooksar@indy.net

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Italian naval history Website

Friday, January 2nd, 2009

From Wed Sep 10 18:37:49 1997
>X-Sender: brazen@pop3.demon.co.uk
>X-Mailer: QUALCOMM Windows Eudora Pro Version 3.0.2 (32)
>Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 01:30:48 +0100
>To: brooksar@indy.net,
> Amateur Historians interested in 20th century military history > ,
> Conflict simulation Games ,
> Jon Parshall ,
> Mahan Naval History Mailing List ,
> Man O’ War list ,
> World War II Discussion List ,
> WWOne Mailing List
>From: Frank Dunn
>Subject: Re: Italian naval history Website
>Precendence: bulk
>Sender: mahan-owner@microworks.net
>
>The book is still in print and certainly available in the US & the UK.
>BTW the 1994 ed. is from Greenwood…
>
>The Italian Navy in World War II (Contributions in Military Studies, No 149)
>by James J. Sadkovich
>Hardcover Published by Greenwood Pub Group Publication date: April 1994
>ISBN: 031328797X
>
>
>At 18:11 10/09/97 -0600, Brooks A Rowlett wrote:
> >The
> >primary reference for this is James Sadkovich, THE ITALIAN NAVY IN WORLD
> >WAR TWO, which unfortunately is from Westwood Press, a a specialist
> >publishing house of limited circulation. Sadkovich perhaps goes to far
> >in some of his rehabilitation of the WWII Italian Navy, but nonetheless
> >raises several matters which deserve serious consideration in examining
> >one’s pre-existing viewpoint.
>
>
>Frank Dunn, London, UK.
>http://www.brazen.demon.co.uk/

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